نشریه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت
سال دهم شماره 6 (پیاپی 52، آذر و دی 1400)

Nursing report registration is one of the most important responsibilities of nurses, whose continuous improvement is very important. Therefore, the aim of present study was to determine the effect of "Continuing Education Guidance Program" on the quality of nursing reports.

The present study is a quasi-experimental method. A total of 60 nurses of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Abadan were purposefully selected and included in the study in the winter of 2018. Then, in a simple random method with lottery method without placement, they were divided into 2 groups of 30 intervention and control. Data collection instruments included demographic questionnaire and "Nursing Reporting Assessment Checklist". Content validity was measured by qualitative method and consistency was measured by test-retest method at 20-day intervals. The "Continuing Education Guidance Program" consisted of 4 stages. Data were collected in three stages: pre-test, post-test and post-test 3 months later. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 16.

Paired t-test showed an improvement in the mean score of nursing reporting in both intervention and control groups after the study. However, in the study of reporting areas, Mann-Whitney U test, which in the pre-test, only showed a significant difference in the area of registration of para clinical cases (P= 0.001), in the post-test of this difference, in some areas between the two groups Intervention and control showed significant differences. 

Nurses' reporting scores increased in both intervention and control groups. In other words, the quality of nursing reporting was the same in both the control group that did not perform any intervention and the intervention group, which also received a "Continuing Education Guidance Program". Therefore, it is suggested that more studies be done to find more efficient educational methods.

Infertility can have many psychological consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of “Positive Psychotherapy” on self-compassion, self-criticism, perception of suffering and psychological distress in infertile women in Ahvaz. 

The method of the present study was experimental with intervention group and control group with pre-test-post-test and 2-month follow-up. The study population was infertile women who had referred to infertility medical centers and clinics in Ahvaz in 2020 for infertility treatment. 40 people were selected based on the inclusion criteria of purposive sampling method and based on simple random sampling method, they were equally divided into two groups. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, “Self-Compassion Scale”, “Self-Criticism Scale”, “Perception of Suffering Scale”, and “Kessler Psychological Distress Scale”. Content validity was performed by qualitative method and reliability was calculated by internal correlation by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The intervention group received 8 sessions of 90-minute “Positive Treatment” and the control group did not receive any intervention Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24. 

There were significant differences between the intervention and control groups in the variables of self- self-compassion (F=147.01, P=0.001), self-critical (F=304.71, P=0.001), perception of physical suffering (F=142.94, P=0.001), Perception of psychological suffering (F=117.51, P=0.001), Perception of existential suffering (F=119.45, P=0.001) and psychological distress (F=527.78, P=0.001) after the intervention sessions. 

“Positive Psychotherapy” was effective in increasing self-esteem and decreasing self-criticism, perception of suffering and psychological distress in infertile women. It is recommended that this method be used as a complementary treatment along with other medical treatments.

Today, in addition to being used in physics, Quantum Theory is also used in leadership and management in organizations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the structural analysis of quantum leadership and manpower maintenance with a mediating role of organizational trust in health system.

The research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population was all medical staff of West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences to 23,000 people. Using Cochran's formula, the statistical sample of this study was 384 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection instruments were demographic questionnaire, "Quantum Leadership Scale", "Manpower Maintenance Questionnaire" and "Organizational Trust Questionnaire". The validity of the instruments was assessed and confirmed using content validity and face validity by qualitative method and convergent validity, divergent validity. The reliability of the instruments was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability coefficients. Structural equation model and SPSS. 24 and LISREL 8 software were used to analyze the data

There is a positive and significant correlation between quantum leadership and manpower retention in West Azerbaijan University of Medical Sciences (path coefficient 0.18). The correlation between quantum leadership and organizational trust is positive and significant (path coefficient 0.85). The correlation between organizational trust and manpower maintenance is positive and significant (path coefficient 0.81) and finally there is a positive and significant correlation between quantum leadership and manpower maintenance mediated by organizational trust (path coefficient 0.69). 

Organizational trust can increase the degree of solidarity of quantum leadership and manpower maintenance as a mediating role. It is suggested that the principles of quantum leadership be taught to university administrators and supervisors at all levels of management, in order to increase organizational trust and, consequently, manpower maintenance.

Marriage is one of the main relationships for most adults, which has many effects on physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to compare the physical and mental health of single and married students of Shahrekord University with respect to controlling the effect of personality traits in 2019-2020.

The present study was descriptive-comparative. The study was conducted with 400 students of Shahrekord University who were selected by convenience methods as Quota sampling. Data collection instruments included: demographic questionnaire, "36-Item Short-Form Health Survey" and "NEO Personality Inventory". The validity of the instruments was measured by face validity and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were collected in the classroom or in the dormitory. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. 22.

Without controlling the effect of personality traits, a significant difference was observed in the mental health dimension between the two groups of single and married students (F=6.987, P=0.009), meaning that the average mental health of married students was higher than single students. But in terms of physical health, no significant difference was found between single and married students. When the effect of personality component scores as a covariate variable was controlled by analysis of covariance, the results showed that the average score of married people in mental health is still higher than single people, but the average physical health score of single people is higher than married people.

By controlling the effect of personality traits on physical and mental health, married people had more mental health than single people. Marriage counselors and psychologists, as well as Broadcasting, are encouraged to create a more positive view of marriage in their educational programs by emphasizing the benefits of marriage, especially in the field of mental health.

Family relationships play an incredibly important role in the lives of individuals and these relationships represent the most enduring social institution This study aimed the model of structural relations of cyber-aggression based on family communication pattern with the mediating  role of addiction to Internet.

This study was descriptive-correlational and the statistical community composed of all students that studying at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2018-2019.  A total of 221 subjects were selected by cluster random sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the "Cyber-aggression Questionnaire for Adolescents", "Family Communication Pattern Questionnaire" and "Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire". Content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS. 25 and LISREL. 8.8.

The results of path analysis showed that conversational orientation is directly correlated with cyber aggression. Conversational orientation of the components of family communication patterns mediated by Internet addiction is also indirectly correlated with cyber aggression. The model fitness indexes also confirmed the conversational orientation towards cyber-aggression mediated by Internet addiction (RMSEA= 0/06, CFI= 0/97, NNFI= 0/97).

Internet addiction is a mediating variable in the relationship between family communication patterns and cyber aggression. It is suggested that by holding workshops to inform students about the harms of addictive use of the Internet and how to use it properly and scientifically and take advantage of its benefits.

Patients with asthma have a weak perception of their illness which seems to affect the respiratory quality in patients. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of education based on the "Health Belief Model" on the illness perception and respiratory quality in patients with asthma.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included patients with asthma referred to Shahid Fayaz -Bakhsh Hospital in Tehran in 2020. Among them, 30 were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control. The research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the “Illness Perception Questionnaire”, and the “St. George Respiratory Questionnaire”. The content validity of the instruments was measured by qualitative method and the reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After performing 6 training sessions for the intervention group, the data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

The effect of group (F=16.69), time (F=176.97) and interactive effect of time * groups (F=129.43) were significant for the illness perception variable at the level of 0.01 (P=0.001). The effect of group (F=20.19) at the level of 0.05 (P= 0.013) and time (F=163.14) and the interactive effect of time * groups (F= 104.65) for the variable of respiratory quality in patients was significant at the level of 0.01 (P = 0.001). 

Education based on the "Health Belief Model" was effective in improving the illness perception and the respiratory quality in patients in patients with asthma. Therefore, health officials and specialists are recommended to provide behavioral interventions such as “Health Belief Model” for patients with asthma along with medical treatments.

Mobility and physical activity will lead to the development of an active city and having healthy and effective people in the community, and therefore they will guarantee the health of the community. The aim of this study was to identify the effective factors in the development of citizenship sports in the Islamic Republic of Iran in the direction of social health.

This research is a documentary and secondary study that follows the interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach and meta composition method to explore the main themes of the development of citizenship sports. The researches required for the study have been collected by searching in databases with the keywords of citizenship sports, public sports, sports for all, in 2020 in the last 10 years. 178 articles were included in the review category. After reviewing the studies and according to the inclusion criteria of the research, 17 articles were analyzed. Data analysis was performed by document content analysis method and coding method.

By extracting the study codes, analyzing and aggregating them together, 165 primary codes were extracted. The content analysis of the aggregated codes included 47 subcategories, 17 categories and 5 main themes including motivational factors, managerial factors, facilitating factors, developmental factors and bedding factors.

Effective extraction factors for the development of citizenship sports in the Islamic Republic of Iran in the direction of social health include motivational factors, managerial factors, facilitating factors, developmental factors and bedding factors. It is suggested that in strategic management and development programs, extractive factors be used as the focus of sports development in the country.

Defensive styles, attributional styles, and cognitive emotion regulation are automated regulatory processes that can be helpful in how threatening events are perceived. The aim of this study was to compare defense styles, attributional styles and cognitive emotion regulation in women memorizing and non-memorizing the Quran in Zanjan.

The method of this research was descriptive-comparative. The statistical population of the study was all women memorizing the Quran in the years 1393-1397 of the Holy Quran Society in Zanjan. The sample of the study was 112 people (memorizer and non-memorizer of Quran) who were selected by convenience sampling method and entered the study. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, "Defense Style Questionnaire", "Attributional Style Questionnaire" and "Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire". The validity of the instruments was not measured due to time constraints, but the reliability was assessed by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data collection in two groups was done virtually. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 16. 

Matching study between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in terms of age, marital status, education and occupation. The components of refocusing on planning (P-Value <0.002), positive reappraisal (P-Value <0.001) and putting into perspective (P-Value <0.042) are higher in Hafez women. Also, despite the difference of 0.45, the mean total score of cognitive emotion regulation between women memorizing and non-memorizing the Qur'an was not significantly different.

Women memorizing the Qur'an performed better than women who did not memorize the Qur'an in terms of defensive styles, documentary styles, and cognitive emotion regulation; Therefore, it is recommended to participate in Quran recitation and memorization classes to improve the status of defense styles, documentary styles and cognitive emotion regulation for non-Quran memorizing women.

Patients with anorexia nervosa show high levels of cognitive inflexibility and deficits in the spatial visual component of working memory. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of “Cognitive Remediation Therapy” (CRT) on cognitive flexibility and spatial visual component of working memory in patients with anorexia nervosa.

The method of the present study is a single case experiment with non-concurrent multiple baseline design. The study was performed on three subjects with anorexia nervosa from 16-30 years old who referred to psychiatric and psychological clinics and clinics and educational counseling centers in Isfahan who were purposefully selected in the study. Three participants before the intervention, during the intervention and after the intervention using the "The Eating Attitudes Test ", " Wisconsin Card Sort Task: computer version "and “Corsi Block Test” were evaluated. The validity and reliability of the tests have been reviewed and confirmed in previous studies. “Cognitive Remediation Therapy” included behavioral tasks and 16 cognitive tasks focusing on cognitive flexibility and the spatial visual component of working memory. Participants received 10 sessions of 60 minutes of “Cognitive Remediation Therapy”. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 21.

The effect of “Cognitive Remediation Therapy” on cognitive flexibility and spatial visual component of working memory in the patients studied in this study was effective. 51% improved in cognitive flexibility. To determine the differences clinically, Cohen effect size d index was used. The rate of this index in the cognitive flexibility and spatial visual component of working memory was higher than 0.8 and significant.

“Cognitive Remediation Therapy” was effective on cognitive flexibility and spatial visual component of working memory. It is recommended to use this therapy to improve cognitive flexibility and spatial visual component of working memory in education counseling centers.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects all aspects of a person›s life. The aim of this study was to compare «Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy» with «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy» on depression and glycosylated hemoglobin in women with type 2 diabetes.

The present study was performed in a quasi-experimental 3-group method with pre-test post-test and 2-month follow-up. 47 women with type 2 diabetes referred to Shahid Asghar Shabani Diabetes Clinic in Isfahan in 2017 were selected by purposive sampling. Then, by simple random assignment and using the lottery method in 3 treatment groups, «Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy» with «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy» and control were replaced. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, “Beck Depression Inventory” and Glycosylated Hemoglobin test (HbA1C). Both groups received 10 sessions of 2 hours per week of treatment intervention. The control group did not receive any treatment intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

The scores of the participants in the post-test intervention groups «Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy» « and «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy» had a significant decrease compared to the control group in depression (P<0.05). «Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy» was significantly higher than «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy» on depression (P<0.05), but in the case of Glycosylated Hemoglobin, the results showed that the scores of participants in the intervention groups there were no significant differences in the post-test of «Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy” and «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” (P> 0.05).

«Combined Therapy Package Focused on Compassion and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy» and «Cognitive Behavioral Therapy» reduced depression in patients with diabetes. Therefore, the use of this method to reduce depression in diabetic patients is suggested.

Ruminant response is a repetitive response that appears to be controllable through psychotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of "Metacognitive Therapy" and "Emotion-Focused Therapy" on ruminant response of high school male students in the academic year 2019-2020. 

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up design for 1 month and the control group. The statistical population included all high school students in Afshar region of Khodabandeh city in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample of the study was randomly selected from 5 districts of Khodabandeh city by cluster random method. From the high school boys of the first period of Afshar region of Khodabandeh city, 3 schools were randomly selected and 60 people from each school were selected by simple random sampling. The pretest was then performed by distributing the "Ruminant Response Scale". Among the individuals whose scores above 44 were in the range of 22 to 88, 45 people were randomly replaced by a simple random lottery in 3 groups of 15 people in intervention 1, intervention 2 and control. Data collection instruments included demographic questionnaire and "Ruminative Response Scale. Content validity was assessed by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The subjects of intervention group 1 participated in the group training sessions of "Metacognitive Therapy" in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the group of intervention 2 participated in the sessions of “Emotion-Focused Therapy” in 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week. For the control group, training sessions were held after the end of the sessions and taking the test. At the end of the sessions, post-test and one-month follow-up were performed for all 3 groups. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

"Metacognitive Therapy" and "Emotion-Focused Therapy" were able to reduce the students' ruminant response to the control group (P ≤ 0.001). In this reduction, both of the above methods were statistically the same.  

"Metacognitive Therapy" and “Emotion-Focused Therapy" reduce students' ruminant response. Educational professionals can use these two methods to reduce students' rumination response and provide a basis for reducing psychological problems.

With the increasing prevalence of tonsillectomy surgery and its high costs, the need to use a method that can reduce costs by calculating the cost of services more accurately is felt more than ever. The aim of the present study was to calculate the cost of the care cycle for each patient undergoing tonsillectomy using Time- Driven Activity-Based Costing Method. 

The present study is descriptive. The statistical population consisted of all patients with tonsillectomy who referred to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd in 2017, whose total population was estimated at 206 people. To collect data from demographic information (including age, gender), medical information (including type of insurance, length of stay, disease complications, number of discharges and number of deaths), operational information (including types of clinical and Para clinical services, and The number of patients), the hospital information technology system and the semi-structured interviews with the medical staff and financial information from the hospital financial balance were used. Excel. version 2017 was used for data analysis. 

The cost of the care cycle for each patient undergoing tonsillectomy was equal to 2,922,559 Rials, of which 23.95% was allocated to the preoperative stage, 45.28% to the intraoperative stage and 30.77% to the postoperative stage. Price factors in the care cycle include staff salaries (36.60%), medical supplies (33.11%), medicine (25.96%), equipment (3.13%) and indirect costs (1.20%). The care cycle time of each patient was estimated to be 410 minutes and the waiting time between activities to be 60 minutes. 

The use of Time- Driven Activity-Based Costing Method led to the most accurate calculation of the cost of the care cycle of each patient undergoing tonsillectomy. It is suggested that policymakers and hospital managers use this information to better understand the cost components of the tonsillectomy care cycle in order to reduce the cost and time of patient treatment.